Data Exploration

units
abc
abc
abc
vector
logic
function
standard

abc

↵

(

)

↑

←

↓

→

units
abc
abc
abc
vector
logic
function
standard

shift

greek

↵

(

)

↑

←

↓

→

units
abc
abc
abc
vector
logic
function
standard

shift

greek

↵

(

)

↑

←

↓

→

units
abc
abc
abc
vector
logic
function
standard

−

×∗×

√

a■

{......

[

]

∞

{}

det

(m×n)

↵

(

)

↑

←

↓

→

units
abc
abc
abc
vector
logic
function
standard

∧

⊥

∀

⊢

∅

∪

⊂

∨

⊤

∃

≠

⊨

∈

∩

⊆

∄

→

□

⊕

≥

∖

∉

⇒

⊬

⊃

↔

◇

⧆

≤

⊭

≡

{}

⇔

⊇

↵

(

)

↑

←

↓

→

units
abc
abc
abc
vector
logic
function
standard

−

×∗×

√

a■

log

sin

[

]

cos

lim

∞

[

)

≥

tan

(

]

≤

arc

{......

(

)

↵

(

)

↑

←

↓

→

units
abc
abc
abc
vector
logic
function
standard

−

×∗×

√

a■

log

sin

∧

cos

∨

≥

tan

all

≤

none

↵

(

)

↑

←

↓

→

units
abc
abc
abc
vector
logic
function
standard

°C

mol

bar

units

↵

(

)

↑

←

↓

→

units
abc
abc
abc
vector
logic
function
standard

−

×∗×

√

a■

log

sin

∧

cos

∨

≥

tan

all

≤

none

↵

(

)

↑

←

↓

→

Let's start by loading the data through the following command.

source('http://horizon.science.uva.nl/public/VVA/amsterdam_airq.R')

This command loads the dataframe air, containing the daily means of the NO2 and PM10 concentrations of two stations in Amsterdam for 2014 to 2018. Let's explore the data with the usual commands.

Which variables does the dataset contain?

7. Hypothesis Testing: Practical 7

Data Exploration