Bioelectricity: Electric model of the cell membrane
Membrane potential when three or more types of ion channels are involved
The model for two ion channels can be extended to three or more ion channels. For convenience, we summarize below the other ion channels by a single so-called "leakage channel" having conductivity . Then we have an analogue of an electrical circuit that looks as follows:
In this figure, we have also drawn an imposed current, . The membrane potentental is defined as
From Kirchhoff's junction rule it follows that the imposed current is equal to the sum of the currents of the ion channels and the capacitor; along with Ohm's law this leads to:
In reality, the situation is even more complicated. For the channel conductivity one often takes the product of a maximum channel conductivity and the chance that the ion channels are open and ion transport possible; this probability depends in many models on the potential and time. We will see this when we discuss the Hodgkin-Huxley model for action potentials in nerve cells.