Formulas, Statistical Tables and R Commands: Formulas
Formulas choosing tests
Investigating associations between variables
| dependent variable | independent variable | analysis |
|---|---|---|
| categorical | categorical | chi-squared test Fisher's exact test |
| quantitative | quantitative | Pearson correlation |
| ordinal or quantitative | ordinal or quantitative | Spearman correlation |
| quantitative | quantitative or categorical (possibly more than one) |
linear regression |
| binary | quantitative or categorical (possibly more than one) |
logistic regression |
Investigating differences
| nr. var | paired? | parametric? | what | test |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | - | parametric | mean | one-sample t-test (quantitative data) |
| proportion | one-sample z-test (binary data) |
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| non-parametric | mean rank | Wilcoxon signed rank (ordinal/quant.data) |
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| distribution | chi-squared test (categorical data) |
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| randomness | runs test (binary data) |
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| 2 | unpaired | parametric | mean | indep sample t-test linear regression |
| proportion | indep. sample z-test logistic regression |
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| non-parametric | mean rank | Wilcoxon rank sums | ||
| any quantile | sign test | |||
| proportion | chi-squared test Fisher's exact test |
|||
| paired | parametric | mean | paired sample t-test | |
| proportion | McNemar's test | |||
| non-parametric | any quantile | sign test | ||
| mean rank | Wilcoxon signed-rank | |||
| ≥3 | - | parametric | mean | anova linear regression |
| non-parametric | mean rank | Kruskal-Wallis |
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